Ch. 17 BR #3: Entropy, Enthalpy, and Free Energy

Front

What is Entropy (ΔS)?

Back

Entropy (ΔS) is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. A positive ΔS indicates an increase in disorder, while a negative ΔS indicates a decrease.

Front

What is Enthalpy (ΔH)?

Back

Enthalpy (ΔH) is the total heat content of a system. It reflects the energy required to create a system at constant pressure.

Front

What is Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG)?

Back

Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the maximum reversible work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure.

Front

What is the relationship between ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS?

Back

The relationship is given by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Front

What does a negative ΔG indicate?

Back

A negative ΔG indicates that a reaction is spontaneous under the given conditions.

Front

What does a positive ΔG indicate?

Back

A positive ΔG indicates that a reaction is non-spontaneous under the given conditions.

Front

What conditions lead to a spontaneous reaction with +ΔH and +ΔS?

Back

A reaction with +ΔH and +ΔS is spontaneous at high temperatures.

Front

What conditions lead to a spontaneous reaction with -ΔH and -ΔS?

Back

A reaction with -ΔH and -ΔS is spontaneous at low temperatures.

Front

What is the significance of temperature in Gibbs Free Energy calculations?

Back

Temperature affects the spontaneity of a reaction as it influences the TΔS term in the Gibbs Free Energy equation.

Front

What happens to entropy during a phase change from gas to solid?

Back

The entropy of the system decreases during a phase change from gas to solid.