AP Biology Unit 6: Gene Expression & Regulation

Front

What is the leading strand in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork.

Front

What is the lagging strand in DNA replication?

Back

The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in the opposite direction of the replication fork, forming Okazaki fragments.

Front

What is chromatin?

Back

Chromatin is DNA nucleosomes wrapped around histone proteins, which helps package DNA in the nucleus.

Front

What is the structure of the DNA double helix?

Back

The DNA double helix has a uniform diameter because purines (A, G) pair with pyrimidines (C, T).

Front

What is the function of restriction enzymes?

Back

Restriction enzymes cleave nucleic acids at specific sites, which is essential for DNA manipulation in biotechnology.

Front

In which direction does RNA polymerase move along the DNA during transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase moves in the 3ʹ → 5ʹ direction along the template strand.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the role of histone proteins in DNA packaging?

Back

Histone proteins help organize DNA into nucleosomes, allowing for efficient packaging and regulation of gene expression.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.