Biology FALL Semester Day 2 Review 24-25

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What is a lysogenic infection?

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A lysogenic infection is a type of viral infection where the virus integrates its genetic material into the host's DNA and can remain dormant for a long period without causing immediate harm.

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What is a lytic infection?

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A lytic infection is a type of viral infection where the virus takes over the host cell's machinery to produce new viruses, leading to the destruction of the host cell.

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How does a lysogenic infection differ from a lytic infection?

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A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active, while a lytic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.

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What is osmosis?

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Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.

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What is the role of a substrate in an enzyme reaction?

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The substrate is the reactant that an enzyme acts upon in a biochemical reaction.

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What are the two main types of cells?

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The two main types of cells are prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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What is a prokaryotic cell?

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A prokaryotic cell is a simple, unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

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What is a eukaryotic cell?

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A eukaryotic cell is a complex cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

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What is the function of enzymes?

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Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.

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What is facilitated diffusion?

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Facilitated diffusion is the process by which substances move across cell membranes with the help of transport proteins, without the use of energy.