Protein Synthesis and DNA mutations

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of amino acids in protein synthesis?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins; they combine in specific sequences to form proteins.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that pairs with a complementary codon in mRNA during translation.

Front

What mutation is characterized by the addition of one or more nucleotides in a DNA sequence?

Back

Insertion mutation.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are removed from a DNA sequence.

Front

What is substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation is when one nucleotide in a DNA sequence is replaced by another nucleotide.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA is translated into amino acids.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.