DC Biology Chapter 1, 2, and 3 Test Review

Front

What is the optimal pH for gastric enzymes?

Back

Gastric enzymes perform optimally at a lower pH (acidic conditions).

Front

How does pH affect enzyme activity?

Back

Different enzymes have different optimal pH levels; gastric enzymes work best in acidic conditions, while intestinal enzymes prefer neutral to slightly basic conditions.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with lower values indicating acidity, higher values indicating basicity, and 7 being neutral.

Front

What defines an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution, resulting in a pH less than 7.

Front

What defines a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution, resulting in a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is an ionic bond?

Back

An ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of charged ions.

Front

What is a covalent bond?

Back

A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of nucleotides, which include a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the role of protons in an atom?

Back

Protons determine the atomic number of an element and contribute to the positive charge of the nucleus.