Transcription and Translation

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of converting DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

To carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA at the ribosome.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in translation?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the role of tRNA?

Back

Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is rRNA?

Back

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of ribosomes that helps in protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is usually single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.