Energy Transfer

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose using carbon dioxide and water. The general equation is: CO₂ + H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂.

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH in the process.

Front

What happens to ATP during work?

Back

ATP loses a phosphate group during work, which releases energy that can be used by the cell for various functions.

Front

What is the primary energy transfer molecule in cells?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the primary energy transfer molecule used by virtually all cells.

Front

Differentiate between NAD+ and NADH.

Back

NAD+ is an oxidized form that accepts electrons, while NADH is a reduced form that carries electrons.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water. It includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Front

What is the role of light in photosynthesis?

Back

Light provides the energy needed to drive the chemical reactions in photosynthesis, allowing plants to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Front

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Back

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more ATP, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces less ATP.

Front

What is the Krebs cycle?

Back

The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Front

What is the function of NADH in cellular respiration?

Back

NADH acts as an electron carrier, transporting electrons to the electron transport chain where they are used to produce ATP.