Genetics Review

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences. Example: blue eyes.

Front

What happens to the phenotype when the genotype consists of a dominant and a recessive allele?

Back

The phenotype will resemble the dominant allele.

Front

What is a homozygous dominant genotype?

Back

A homozygous dominant genotype consists of two identical dominant alleles. Example: HH.

Front

What is the outcome of mitosis?

Back

Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells.

Front

What is the outcome of meiosis?

Back

Meiosis produces four genetically diverse cells.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is a tool used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

Front

What is the probability of offspring having long hair if one parent is homozygous long-haired (SS) and the other is homozygous short-haired (ss)?

Back

100% of the offspring will have long hair.

Front

Define genotype.

Back

Genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles inherited from the parents. Example: Bb, HH.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their traits even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their traits.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous?

Back

An organism is homozygous if it has two identical alleles for a particular gene.