The center part of the Earth, like its heart.

The mantle is the thick layer of rock under the Earth’s crust.

The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth.

A hard material made of minerals that forms the Earth.

The study of rocks and how the Earth is made.

A map is a picture that shows where places are.

A globe is a three-dimensional model of Earth.

A tool on a map to measure how far things are.

Symbols are small pictures or signs that stand for something on a map.

A key is a guide that shows what the symbols on a map mean.

The equator is an imaginary line around the middle of the Earths.

Half of the Earth, either top or bottom, left or right.

The Prime Meridian is an imaginary line that divides the Earth into east and west.

A way to measure distance on a map.

Latitude measures location north or south of the equator.

Longitude measures distance of a place east or west of the Prime Meridian.

A satellite image is a picture of Earth taken from space.

A natural material found in rocks, like shiny or colorful pieces.

Inorganic is something that isn’t alive, like rocks or minerals.

A crystal is a shiny, solid shape made by minerals.

An element is the smallest bit of something that makes up everything.

A compound is when two or more elements mix together.

A mixture is a combination of things that can be separated again.

Define: Mohs Hardness Scale

Mohs Hardness Scale is a scale that ranks minerals from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest) based on their scratch resistance.

The color of a mineral’s powder when you rub it.

Luster is how light reflects off a mineral's surface, and how far it penetrates into the mineral.

Density is how heavy something is for its size.

How a rock or mineral breaks into flat pieces.

A fracture is how a rock or mineral breaks unevenly.

Fluorescence is when something glows under a special light.

Magma is hot, melted rock inside the Earth.

Lava is molten rock that erupts from a volcano.

A solution is a liquid with something mixed in completely, like saltwater.

A gemstone is a shiny rock used to make jewelry, like diamonds.

A rock that has metals or minerals inside.

Smelting is heating rocks to take out the metal.

An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element.

Hardness is a mineral's resistance to scratching, measured on the Mohs scale.

The shape a mineral forms when it grows slowly within a rock, and isn't crowded out by other minerals.

Cleavage and fracture

Cleavage and fracture is how a mineral breaks apart, which is determined by the strength of the chemical bonds between its atoms

The color of a mineral's powder, which can be different from the color of the crystal or massive form of the mineral.

Color is usually the first and most easily observed characteristic of a mineral.

A number that expresses the ratio of a mineral's weight to the weight of an equal volume of water.

Science Final Review_Definitions

Student preview

50 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Topography

Back

Topography is the study of the surface features of a region, such as shape of the land, like hills, valleys, and flat areas.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Elevation

Back

How high something is above the ground or sea.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Relief

Back

Relief is how high or low the land is in one area compared to another.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Landform

Back

A landform is a natural feature of the Earth's surface.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Plain

Back

Plain means a big, flat area of land.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Mountain

Back

A mountain is a very high piece of land with steep sides.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Plateau

Back

A plateau is a flat area of land that is higher than the land around it.

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