Chapter 5 - AP Statistics Practice Test

Front

What is a population in statistics?

Back

A population is the entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn.

Front

Define sample in the context of statistics.

Back

A sample is a subset of the population that is used to represent the entire group.

Front

What is the purpose of a hypothesis test?

Back

The purpose of a hypothesis test is to determine whether there is enough evidence to reject a null hypothesis in favor of an alternative hypothesis.

Front

Explain the difference between Type I and Type II errors.

Back

Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true but is incorrectly rejected. Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is false but is not rejected.

Front

What is a p-value?

Back

A p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Front

Define confidence interval.

Back

A confidence interval is a range of values, derived from a data set, that is likely to contain the value of an unknown population parameter.

Front

What is the Central Limit Theorem?

Back

The Central Limit Theorem states that the sampling distribution of the sample mean will be normally distributed, regardless of the shape of the population distribution, as the sample size becomes large.

Front

What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Back

Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the features of a data set, while inferential statistics use a random sample of data to make inferences about the larger population.

Front

What is a normal distribution?

Back

A normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean.

Front

Explain what a scatter plot is.

Back

A scatter plot is a graph that shows the relationship between two quantitative variables, with one variable plotted along the x-axis and the other along the y-axis.