Biology sem 1 wk 3

Front

What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous for a trait?

Back

An organism that is homozygous for a trait has two of the same alleles for that trait.

Front

What is a carrier in genetics?

Back

A person who is heterozygous for a trait, such as albinism, is called a carrier.

Front

What is gene regulation?

Back

Gene regulation is the ability of an organism, such as an Escherichia coli bacterium, to control its gene transcription in response to environmental factors.

Front

What is the expected ratio of offspring with recessive traits from two hybrid pea plants?

Back

The ratio of pea plant offspring with recessive green seeds if both parents are hybrids is 1:4.

Front

What is the primary effect of sickle-cell anemia?

Back

The primary effect of sickle-cell anemia is inefficient oxygen transportation.

Front

Define heterozygous.

Back

An organism is heterozygous for a trait if it has two different alleles for that trait.

Front

What is an allele?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

Front

Explain the concept of dominant and recessive alleles.

Back

Dominant alleles mask the effect of recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals.

Front

What is the purpose of transcription factors?

Back

Transcription factors are proteins that help regulate the transcription of genes.

Front

What is an operon?

Back

An operon is a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter, functioning together in gene regulation.