Cell cycle , Mitosis and Meiosis

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What is the cell cycle?

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The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide, including G1, S, G2, and M phases.

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What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

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During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes.

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What is mitosis?

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Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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What is meiosis?

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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse haploid cells.

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Why is DNA replication important before cell division?

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DNA replication is crucial to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic information.

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What is crossing over in meiosis?

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Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis, increasing genetic variation.

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What is the significance of genetic variation?

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Genetic variation is important for evolution and adaptation, as it provides a population with diverse traits.

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What are homologous chromosomes?

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Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same structure and gene sequence, one inherited from each parent.

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What occurs during anaphase in mitosis?

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During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

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What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?

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Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes (2n), while haploid cells have one set of chromosomes (n).