Genetic Engineering

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What is genetic engineering?

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Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology, allowing for the alteration of DNA to achieve desired traits.

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What is gel electrophoresis used for?

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Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size.

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What is recombinant DNA?

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Recombinant DNA is a molecule that contains DNA from two different organisms, created by combining genetic material.

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What are restriction enzymes?

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Restriction enzymes are molecular scissors that cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing for the manipulation of genetic material.

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How do smaller DNA fragments behave in gel electrophoresis?

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Smaller DNA fragments move faster through the gel compared to larger fragments.

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What is a plasmid?

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A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA, often used in genetic engineering.

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What is the role of a vector in genetic engineering?

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A vector is a vehicle used to transfer genetic material into a host cell, commonly used in cloning and gene therapy.

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What is gene therapy?

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Gene therapy is a technique that modifies a person's genes to treat or prevent disease, often by inserting a healthy copy of a gene.

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What is the purpose of cloning in genetic engineering?

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Cloning in genetic engineering is used to create identical copies of organisms or genes for research, agriculture, or medicine.

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What is a hybrid organism?

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A hybrid organism is the result of combining genetic material from two different species, often exhibiting traits from both.