Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What are the types of mutations?

Back

The main types of mutations are substitution, deletion, insertion, and frameshift mutations.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when one base in the DNA sequence is replaced by another base.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more bases are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when bases are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a three-letter sequence of bases in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA codons to assemble amino acids into a protein.