Cell Cycle

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What is the Cell Cycle?

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The Cell Cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through from its formation to its division into two daughter cells. It includes interphase and the mitotic phase.

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What are the main stages of the Cell Cycle?

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The main stages of the Cell Cycle are Interphase (G1, S, G2 phases) and the Mitotic phase (M phase, which includes mitosis and cytokinesis).

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What occurs during Interphase?

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During Interphase, the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis. It consists of G1 (growth), S (DNA synthesis), and G2 (preparation for mitosis) phases.

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What is Mitosis?

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Mitosis is the process of cell division where one cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells. It includes stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

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What happens during Prophase?

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During Prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.

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What is Metaphase?

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Metaphase is the stage of mitosis where chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres.

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What occurs during Anaphase?

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During Anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring each new cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes.

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What is Telophase?

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Telophase is the final stage of mitosis where the chromosomes de-condense back into chromatin, the nuclear envelope re-forms, and the cell prepares to divide.

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What is Cytokinesis?

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Cytokinesis is the process that follows mitosis, where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate daughter cells.

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What is a Chromosome?

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A chromosome is a structure made of DNA and protein that contains genetic information. Humans have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell.