APES Unit 2 Review

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What is the theory of island biogeography?

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The theory of island biogeography explains how the size and distance of islands from the mainland affect the number of species that can inhabit them. Larger islands tend to have more species due to greater resources and habitats, while islands closer to the mainland have higher immigration rates.

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What is genetic biodiversity?

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Genetic biodiversity refers to the variety of genes within a species. It is crucial for a population's ability to adapt to environmental changes and resist diseases.

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What are specialist species?

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Specialist species are organisms that have a narrow ecological niche and specific habitat requirements. They are more vulnerable to extinction, especially when faced with invasive species.

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What is the impact of low genetic diversity in crops?

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Low genetic diversity in crops, such as corn, can lead to increased susceptibility to diseases and pests, making them more vulnerable to environmental stressors.

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Define species diversity.

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Species diversity is the variety of different species within a particular ecological community, reflecting the differences between plants, animals, and other organisms.

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What is the relationship between habitat distribution and species diversity?

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A narrow distribution of habitats typically leads to a decrease in species diversity, as fewer niches are available for different species.

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What are global biodiversity hotspots?

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Global biodiversity hotspots are regions that are both rich in endemic species and significantly threatened by human activities, making them a priority for conservation efforts.

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How does high genetic biodiversity benefit a population?

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A population with high genetic biodiversity is better able to respond to environmental stressors, such as climate change and disease outbreaks, enhancing its survival.

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What is the role of indicator species in ecosystems?

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Indicator species are organisms whose presence, absence, or abundance reflects a specific environmental condition, helping to assess the health of an ecosystem.

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What are invasive species?

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Invasive species are non-native organisms that, when introduced to a new environment, can outcompete native species for resources, leading to ecological imbalance.