Molarity and Dilutions

Front

What is molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Front

What is a dilution?

Back

A dilution is when water is added to the volume of a stock solution, decreasing its concentration.

Front

How do you calculate the number of grams of solute in a solution?

Back

To calculate grams of solute, use the formula: grams = molarity (M) × volume (L) × molar mass (g/mol).

Front

What is the formula for dilutions?

Back

The formula for dilutions is M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the stock solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.

Front

How do you prepare a 0.20 M solution from a 1.0 M solution?

Back

To prepare a 0.20 M solution from a 1.0 M solution, use the dilution formula: M1V1 = M2V2. For 200 mL of 0.20 M, you need to add 160 mL of water to 40 mL of the 1.0 M solution.

Front

What is the molar mass of NaOH?

Back

The molar mass of NaOH (sodium hydroxide) is approximately 40.00 g/mol.

Front

How do you find the molarity of a solution?

Back

Molarity is calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of solution in liters.

Front

What is the molar mass of sucrose (C12H22O11)?

Back

The molar mass of sucrose is approximately 342.30 g/mol.

Front

How many grams of solute are needed for a specific molarity?

Back

To find grams needed for a specific molarity, use the formula: grams = molarity (M) × volume (L) × molar mass (g/mol).

Front

What is the relationship between volume and concentration in dilutions?

Back

In dilutions, increasing the volume of the solution decreases the concentration of the solute.