Rocks and Minerals

Front

What is a mineral?

Back

A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure.

Front

What is the Mohs scale?

Back

The Mohs scale is a scale used to measure the hardness of minerals, ranging from 1 (talc) to 10 (diamond).

Front

What is hardness in terms of minerals?

Back

Hardness is a measure of a mineral's resistance to being scratched.

Front

What is calcite?

Back

Calcite is a common mineral made of calcium carbonate, known for its ability to fizz in vinegar.

Front

What is the scratch test?

Back

The scratch test is a method used to determine the hardness of a mineral by scratching it with another material.

Front

What mineral can scratch quartz?

Back

Topaz and diamond can scratch quartz.

Front

What is the definition of igneous rock?

Back

Igneous rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock (magma or lava).

Front

What is sedimentary rock?

Back

Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles.

Front

What is metamorphic rock?

Back

Metamorphic rock is formed when existing rocks are changed by heat, pressure, or chemical processes.

Front

What is the difference between rocks and minerals?

Back

Rocks are made up of one or more minerals, while minerals are pure substances with specific chemical compositions.