Gene Mutations Flashcard

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What is a point mutation?

Back

A mutation that involves a change in a single nucleotide base pair.

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What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation that results from the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, altering the reading frame of the gene.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of the protein.

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What is a missense mutation?

Back

A mutation that results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein.

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What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A mutation that creates a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein.

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What is a substitution mutation?

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A mutation that results from the replacement of one nucleotide with another.

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What is an insertion mutation?

Back

A mutation that involves the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

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A mutation that involves the loss of one or more nucleotide base pairs from a DNA sequence.

Front

What is the impact of a frameshift mutation on protein synthesis?

Back

It can lead to significant changes in the protein's amino acid sequence, often resulting in a nonfunctional protein.

Front

What is the difference between a missense and a nonsense mutation?

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A missense mutation changes one amino acid in the protein, while a nonsense mutation creates a stop codon.