Macromolecules (SC.912.L.18.1)

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What are macromolecules?

Back

Large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What are the four main types of macromolecules?

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Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

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To provide energy and structural support in cells.

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What elements make up carbohydrates?

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Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O) - often in a ratio of 1:2:1.

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What are lipids primarily composed of?

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Long chains of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) with very few oxygen (O) atoms.

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What is the main function of lipids?

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To store energy, provide insulation, and make up cell membranes.

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What are proteins made of?

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Amino acids, which are linked together by peptide bonds.

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What is the role of proteins in the body?

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They perform a variety of functions including catalyzing biochemical reactions (enzymes), providing structure, and facilitating communication.

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What are nucleic acids?

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Macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information, including DNA and RNA.

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What elements are found in nucleic acids?

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Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and Phosphorus (P) - often abbreviated as CHONP.