Health Science I - Nervous System

Front

What part of the brain is called the relay center?

Back

Thalamus: The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.

Front

Which structure insulates the axon and increases the speed an impulse travels along the neuron?

Back

Myelin Sheath: A fatty layer that surrounds the axon of a neuron, facilitating faster transmission of electrical impulses.

Front

What part of the nervous system calms the body by slowing breathing rate and heart rate?

Back

Parasympathetic Nervous System: This division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for rest and digest functions.

Front

Which nervous system disorder involves uncontrolled electrical activity within the brain?

Back

Epilepsy: A neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

Front

What term means paralysis of the lower body and legs?

Back

Paraplegia: A condition resulting from spinal cord injury or disease that leads to loss of movement and sensation in the lower body.

Front

What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

Back

Coordination and Balance: The cerebellum is responsible for fine motor control and maintaining balance.

Front

What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

Back

Chemical Messengers: Neurotransmitters transmit signals across synapses between neurons, influencing various bodily functions.

Front

What is the function of the spinal cord?

Back

Signal Transmission: The spinal cord transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, and coordinates reflexes.

Front

What is the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Back

Sympathetic: Prepares the body for 'fight or flight' response; Parasympathetic: Promotes 'rest and digest' activities.

Front

What is a neuron?

Back

Basic Unit of the Nervous System: Neurons are specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses throughout the body.