Adaptation and Natural Selection Flashcard

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What is natural selection?

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Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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What is adaptation?

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Adaptation is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

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What is extinction?

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Extinction is the end of an organism or a group of organisms, meaning that no individuals of that species remain.

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What is variation in a population?

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Variation refers to the differences in traits among individuals in a population.

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How do mutations contribute to evolution?

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Mutations are changes in DNA that can lead to new traits, which may be beneficial, harmful, or neutral, contributing to the process of evolution.

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What is the role of genes in natural selection?

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Genes carry the information that determines traits, and variations in these genes can affect an organism's ability to survive and reproduce.

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What is the difference between adaptation and acclimatization?

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Adaptation is a genetic change in a population over generations, while acclimatization is a short-term physiological change in an individual in response to environmental changes.

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What is selective breeding?

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Selective breeding is the process by which humans breed plants and animals for particular genetic traits.

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What is the significance of the phrase 'survival of the fittest'?

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'Survival of the fittest' refers to the idea that individuals best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

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What is an example of a physical adaptation?

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The hollow bones of birds, which make them lightweight for flying, is an example of a physical adaptation.

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