Intra- and Intermolecular Forces

Front

What is a dipole?

Back

A dipole is a separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule, resulting in a molecule having a positive end and a negative end.

Front

What is an intramolecular force?

Back

An intramolecular force is a force that holds atoms together within a molecule, such as covalent or ionic bonds.

Front

What is an intermolecular force?

Back

An intermolecular force is a force that occurs between molecules, affecting their physical properties, such as boiling and melting points.

Front

Rank the following forces from strongest to weakest: covalent bond, hydrogen bond, dipole-dipole attraction, London dispersion forces.

Back

Covalent bond > Hydrogen bond > Dipole-dipole attraction > London dispersion forces.

Front

What type of intermolecular force is present in nonpolar molecules?

Back

London dispersion forces.

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Front

What is the primary intermolecular force in water (H2O)?

Back

Hydrogen bonding.

Front

What is the difference between polar and nonpolar molecules?

Back

Polar molecules have a net dipole moment due to uneven distribution of electrons, while nonpolar molecules have no net dipole moment.

Front

What is the significance of intermolecular forces in determining the boiling point of a substance?

Back

Stronger intermolecular forces result in higher boiling points because more energy is required to separate the molecules.

Front

What type of intermolecular force is present in carbon dioxide (CO2)?

Back

Dispersion forces.