Sem 1 Exam Review - Chemistry

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What are Hydrogen Bonds?

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions that occur between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) and another electronegative atom. They play a crucial role in the properties of water and biological molecules.

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What is a Metallic Bond?

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Metallic bonds are intramolecular forces that occur in metals, where electrons are not associated with any specific atom and form an 'electron sea' that allows for conductivity and malleability.

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What is Beta + Radiation?

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Beta + radiation consists of positrons, which are positively charged electrons. This type of radiation occurs during the decay of certain radioactive isotopes.

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What does a balanced chemical equation satisfy?

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A balanced chemical equation must satisfy the law of conservation of mass, meaning the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of the equation.

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What is Nuclear Fusion?

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Nuclear fusion is the process of forcing atomic nuclei together to form a heavier nucleus, releasing a significant amount of energy. It is the process that powers the sun.

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What are London Dispersion Forces?

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London dispersion forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary shifts in electron density in atoms or molecules, leading to temporary dipoles.

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What are Dipole-Dipole Forces?

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Dipole-dipole forces are attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.

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What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

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The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction; it can only change forms.

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What is an Ionic Bond?

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An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, typically formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

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What is an example of a covalent bond?

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A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. An example is the bond between two hydrogen atoms in an H2 molecule.