Intermolecular Forces Flashcard

Front

What are intermolecular forces?

Back

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions). They play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances.

Front

What is a polar molecule?

Back

A polar molecule is a molecule that has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds, which arise from the unequal sharing of electrons between atoms.

Front

What is a nonpolar molecule?

Back

A nonpolar molecule is a molecule that does not have a net dipole moment, meaning the electron distribution is even, and there are no charged poles.

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Front

What is the significance of dipole-dipole interactions?

Back

Dipole-dipole interactions are attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another, influencing boiling and melting points.

Front

What is the difference between evaporation and condensation?

Back

Evaporation is the process where liquid turns into vapor, while condensation is the process where vapor turns back into liquid.

Front

What is the role of London dispersion forces?

Back

London dispersion forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles in molecules, significant in nonpolar substances.

Front

What is the effect of intermolecular forces on boiling point?

Back

Stronger intermolecular forces result in higher boiling points, as more energy is required to separate the molecules.

Front

What is the relationship between molecular size and London dispersion forces?

Back

Larger molecules have more electrons and a greater surface area, leading to stronger London dispersion forces.

Front

What is a state of matter?

Back

A state of matter is a distinct form that different phases of matter take on, primarily solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.