Macromolecules

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What are macromolecules?

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Large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What are the four major types of macromolecules?

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Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

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What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

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To provide energy and support cellular structure.

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What are monosaccharides?

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The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules like glucose and fructose.

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What are disaccharides?

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Carbohydrates formed by the combination of two monosaccharides, such as sucrose and lactose.

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What are polysaccharides?

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Complex carbohydrates made up of long chains of monosaccharides, such as starch and glycogen.

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What are lipids?

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A group of macromolecules that are hydrophobic and include fats, oils, and phospholipids.

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What is the primary function of lipids?

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To store energy, insulate the body, and form cell membranes.

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What are proteins made of?

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Long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

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What is the function of proteins?

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To perform a wide range of functions including catalyzing reactions (enzymes), providing structure, and transporting molecules.