BIOCHEMISTRY

Front

What are carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1. They are a primary source of energy for living organisms and include sugars and starches.

Front

Give two examples of carbohydrates.

Back

Sugars and starches.

Front

What is glucose?

Back

Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates.

Front

What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the structure of an enzyme?

Back

Enzymes are typically proteins that have a specific three-dimensional structure, which is crucial for their function.

Front

What is the optimal pH range for most enzymes?

Back

Most enzymes have an optimal pH range around neutral (pH 7), but some may function best in acidic or basic conditions.

Front

What happens to enzymes at extreme pH levels?

Back

Extreme pH levels can denature enzymes, altering their structure and rendering them inactive.

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic organic molecules, including fats, oils, and waxes, that are important for energy storage and cell membrane structure.

Front

What are the building blocks of lipids?

Back

The building blocks of lipids are glycerol and three fatty acids.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Back

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds.