DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and they are coded for by sequences of nucleotides in DNA.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the leading strand in DNA replication?

Back

The strand of DNA that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

Front

What is the lagging strand in DNA replication?

Back

The strand of DNA that is synthesized discontinuously in short segments, known as Okazaki fragments.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are assembled from amino acids.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process by which ribosomes read mRNA sequences to synthesize proteins.