Biology EOC practice 6: Central Dogma and Genetics

Front

What is the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology?

Back

The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, outlining the processes of transcription and translation.

Front

Define codominance in genetics.

Back

Codominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits simultaneously, such as in speckled carnations.

Front

What is the genotype for a red carnation exhibiting codominance?

Back

RR.

Front

What is the genotype for a white carnation exhibiting codominance?

Back

WW.

Front

What is the genotype for a speckled carnation exhibiting codominance?

Back

RW.

Front

What is transcription in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Transcription is the process where mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template in the nucleus.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not alter the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein.

Front

What is the effect of a silent mutation on protein function?

Back

It has no effect on the protein's function.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance?

Back

In incomplete dominance, the phenotype is a blend of the two alleles, while in codominance, both alleles are fully expressed.