Gene Expression Unit Review

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually a protein.

Front

What role do proteins play in gene expression?

Back

Proteins are the end products of gene expression and perform various functions in the cell, including acting as enzymes, structural components, and signaling molecules.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

How many amino acids are coded by a sequence of 18 nucleotides?

Back

6 amino acids, since each amino acid is coded by a sequence of 3 nucleotides.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the protein produced.

Front

What is the difference between insertion and deletion mutations?

Back

Insertion mutations add one or more nucleotides to the DNA sequence, while deletion mutations remove one or more nucleotides.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.