Unit 4 Assessment Review

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation is a type of genetic mutation where one or more nucleotides are removed from a DNA sequence, potentially leading to a frameshift in the reading frame.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation is a type of mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, which may or may not affect the resulting protein.

Front

What is an inversion mutation?

Back

An inversion mutation occurs when a segment of DNA is reversed end to end, which can affect gene expression.

Front

What is a duplication mutation?

Back

A duplication mutation is a type of mutation where a segment of DNA is copied, resulting in multiple copies of that segment.

Front

What is translocation in genetics?

Back

Translocation is a genetic mutation where a segment of DNA is moved from one location to another, either within the same chromosome or to a different chromosome.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in cells?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the significance of mutations in evolution?

Back

Mutations introduce genetic variation, which is essential for evolution as it provides the raw material for natural selection.

Front

What is the difference between a point mutation and a frameshift mutation?

Back

A point mutation involves a change in a single nucleotide, while a frameshift mutation involves the insertion or deletion of nucleotides that alters the reading frame.

Front

What are the potential effects of mutations on proteins?

Back

Mutations can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of proteins, potentially altering their function, stability, or activity.