DNA structure and Replication

Front

What molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

Back

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA, consisting of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

Which enzyme adds complementary bases to the template strand during DNA replication?

Back

DNA Polymerase.

Front

What is the complementary DNA sequence for the strand ATG TGA CAG?

Back

TAC ACT GTC.

Front

In which direction is a new strand of DNA created during replication?

Back

5' to 3' direction.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of DNA Helicase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA Helicase unwinds and separates the double-stranded DNA.

Front

What is the function of RNA Primase in DNA replication?

Back

RNA Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer to initiate DNA synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction.

Front

What is a hydrogen bond's role in DNA structure?

Back

Hydrogen bonds hold the complementary nitrogenous bases together, forming the rungs of the DNA ladder.