Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

A pair of forces acting on two different objects where one force is the action and the other is the reaction.

No, because they act on different objects.

The force of the bug on the windshield is the same as the force of the windshield on the bug.

The person will be pushed backward.

When you jump off a small boat, the boat moves backward.

Friction can affect the motion of objects but does not change the action-reaction relationship.

Gravity is an example of an action-reaction pair; the Earth pulls you down, and you pull the Earth up with equal force.

It means that the forces are of the same magnitude but act in opposite directions.

No, they must act on different objects.