Chapter 4: Work and Energy

Front

What is work in physics?

Back

Work is done when a force causes an object to move. It is calculated as the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force.

Front

What is the formula for calculating power?

Back

Power is calculated as Work done divided by Time taken. The formula is P = W/t.

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

What is potential energy?

Back

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration, commonly gravitational potential energy, calculated as PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

Front

What is mechanical energy?

Back

Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy in a system.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

Back

The principle states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Front

What is a machine's mechanical advantage?

Back

Mechanical advantage is the ratio of the output force exerted by a machine to the input force applied to it.

Front

How does a pendulum demonstrate energy transformation?

Back

A pendulum converts gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy as it swings down and back, showing the interchange between these two forms of energy.

Front

What is the unit of work?

Back

The unit of work is the Joule (J), which is equivalent to one Newton meter (N·m).

Front

What is the relationship between force, distance, and work?

Back

Work is done when a force moves an object over a distance. The formula is W = F × d, where W is work, F is force, and d is distance.