Atoms and Ions

Front

What is an atom?

Back

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.

Front

What is an ion?

Back

An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge.

Front

What charge does a cation have?

Back

A cation has a positive charge, formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Front

What charge does an anion have?

Back

An anion has a negative charge, formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Front

How do you determine the number of protons in an atom?

Back

The number of protons in an atom is determined by its atomic number, which is unique to each element.

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are important for determining how an atom will bond with other atoms.

Front

What happens to an atom when it loses two electrons?

Back

When an atom loses two electrons, it becomes a cation with a charge of 2+.

Front

What is the halogen family known for?

Back

The halogen family is known for having seven valence electrons and typically gaining one electron to achieve a stable octet.

Front

What is a carbonate anion?

Back

A carbonate anion (CO3^2-) is a polyatomic ion that has gained two electrons, resulting in a 2- charge.

Front

What is the atomic number of lithium?

Back

The atomic number of lithium is 3, indicating it has 3 protons.