9.3 Part II Flashcard Set

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Mauryan Empire

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(321-185 BCE) This was the first centralized empire of India whose founder was Chandragupta Maurya.

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Ashoka

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Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 270-232 B.C.E.). He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing.

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Ashoka's Edicts

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A collection of 33 inscriptions on the Pillars of Ashoka, as well as boulders and cave walls, made by the Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan dynasty during his reign from 272 to 231 BC.

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Buddhism

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Belief system that started in India in the 500s BC. Happiness can be achieved through removal of one's desires. Believers seek enlightenment and the overcoming of suffering.

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4 Noble Truths

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Core of Buddha's doctrine; all life involves suffering, desire is the cause of suffering, elimination of desire brings the end to suffering, and disciplined life conducted in accordance with the Eightfold Path brings elimination of desire.

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8 fold path

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The path of life followed by Buddhists to reach nirvana.

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Gupta Empire

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Golden Age of India; ruled through central government but allowed village power; restored Hinduism.

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Confucianism

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A philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct.

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Zhou Dynasty

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(1050BC-400BC) Longest dynasty in Chinese history. Established a new political order with king at the highest level, then lords and warriors and then peasants.

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Era of Warring States

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The period of Chinese history between c. 500 and 220 B.C.E. characterized by the breakdown of the central government and feudal war.