Unit 4 Ch. 11-12 Test Review

Front

What is a hotspot in geology?

Back

A hotspot is a location on the Earth's surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time, often resulting in the formation of islands, such as the Hawaiian Islands.

Front

What are cinder cone volcanoes?

Back

Cinder cone volcanoes are small, steep-sided volcanoes that erupt explosively, ejecting ash and scoria into the air.

Front

What geological process created Mt. St Helens and Mt. Rainier?

Back

These mountains were formed by the subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate under the North American plate.

Front

What is the Ring of Fire?

Back

The Ring of Fire is a belt of volcanoes that encircles the Pacific Ocean, known for its high volcanic activity.

Front

What type of eruptions do composite volcanoes have?

Back

Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, have explosive eruptions that can produce large amounts of tephra and lava.

Front

Define tephra.

Back

Tephra refers to the fragments of volcanic rock and ash that are ejected during an explosive volcanic eruption.

Front

What is the difference between a shield volcano and a cinder cone volcano?

Back

Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes and produce non-explosive eruptions, while cinder cone volcanoes are steep and have explosive eruptions.

Front

What is subduction?

Back

Subduction is the geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the mantle.

Front

What are the characteristics of a fissure volcano?

Back

Fissure volcanoes are characterized by long cracks in the Earth's surface from which lava flows out, rather than a central vent.

Front

What is an island arc?

Back

An island arc is a chain of volcanic islands formed at a convergent boundary where an oceanic plate subducts beneath another oceanic plate.