Biology EOC Review Part 2

Front

What is translation in biology?

Back

Translation is the process that converts mRNA into a polypeptide (protein).

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is any change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene.

Front

How is the order of amino acids in proteins determined?

Back

The order of amino acids in proteins is determined by the nitrogenous bases in DNA.

Front

What DNA sequence pairs with the strand ATG TGA CAG?

Back

The DNA sequence that pairs with ATG TGA CAG is TAC ACT GTC.

Front

Where does transcription occur in a cell?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus of a cell.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What are ribosomes made of?

Back

Ribosomes are made of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.