SPS6. Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution and typically has a sour taste. Examples include vinegar and lemon juice.

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What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution. Bases usually taste bitter and feel slippery. Examples include soap and baking soda.

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What is litmus paper used for?

Back

Litmus paper is an indicator used to test whether a solution is acidic or basic. It turns red in acidic solutions and blue in basic solutions.

Front

What is a solute?

Back

A solute is the substance that is dissolved in a solution. For example, in saltwater, salt is the solute.

Front

What is a solvent?

Back

A solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute in a solution. Water is often referred to as the universal solvent.

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What is a saturated solution?

Back

A saturated solution is one in which no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature and pressure.

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What is an unsaturated solution?

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An unsaturated solution is one that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature and pressure.

Front

How does temperature affect the solubility of solids?

Back

Generally, the solubility of most solid solutes increases with an increase in temperature.

Front

How does temperature affect the solubility of gases?

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The solubility of most gaseous solutes decreases as the temperature increases.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.