MIDTERM PRACTICE EXAM B

Front

What is the median and why is it preferred over the mean in skewed distributions?

Back

The median is the middle value in a data set when arranged in order. It is preferred over the mean in skewed distributions because the mean is affected by outliers, while the median is resistant to them.

Front

What is the least-squares regression line?

Back

The least-squares regression line is a statistical method used to determine the line of best fit for a set of data points, minimizing the sum of the squares of the vertical distances of the points from the line.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.05 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient of -0.05 indicates a very weak negative linear relationship between the two variables.

Front

What is the probability of an event?

Back

The probability of an event is a measure of the likelihood that the event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 (impossible) and 1 (certain).

Front

What is the interquartile range (IQR)?

Back

The interquartile range (IQR) is the difference between the third quartile (Q3) and the first quartile (Q1) in a data set, representing the range of the middle 50% of the data.

Front

What is an outlier in a data set?

Back

An outlier is a data point that differs significantly from other observations in a data set, often due to variability in the measurement or it may indicate experimental error.

Front

How do you interpret the slope of a regression line?

Back

The slope of a regression line indicates the change in the dependent variable for each one-unit change in the independent variable.

Front

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

Back

Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities (e.g., colors, names), while quantitative data represents numerical values that can be measured (e.g., height, weight).

Front

What is a cumulative relative frequency histogram?

Back

A cumulative relative frequency histogram displays the cumulative frequency of data points up to a certain value, showing the proportion of observations that fall below each value.

Front

What does it mean for a measure to be resistant to outliers?

Back

A measure is resistant to outliers if its value is not significantly affected by extreme values in the data set, such as the median.