Enzymes

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is a substrate?

Back

The reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The specific region of an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.

Front

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

Back

Enzymes can denature, meaning their shape is altered, which affects their function.

Front

What is denaturation in enzymes?

Back

The process where an enzyme's structure is altered, usually due to extreme temperature or pH, leading to loss of function.

Front

What is lactase?

Back

An enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose.

Front

What is the effect of lactase on lactose concentration?

Back

Lactase decreases lactose concentration while increasing glucose concentration.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for reactions, thus speeding up the process.

Front

What factors affect enzyme activity?

Back

Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration.

Front

What is the optimal pH for most enzymes?

Back

Most enzymes have an optimal pH around neutral (pH 7), but some work best in acidic or basic conditions.