Flashcard 1: Scientific Method

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What is the scientific method?

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A systematic process used for scientific investigation, involving observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, data analysis, and conclusion.

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What is an independent variable?

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The variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

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What is a dependent variable?

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The variable that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What are observations in science?

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Information gathered through the senses to learn about the world, forming the basis for scientific inquiry.

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What is a hypothesis?

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An educated guess or prediction about the outcome of an experiment, based on prior knowledge and research.

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Why is it important to analyze data in relation to the hypothesis?

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To identify correlations or patterns that support or refute the hypothesis, guiding further research.

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What is a control group in an experiment?

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A group that does not receive the experimental treatment and is used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.

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What is the purpose of conducting experiments?

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To test hypotheses and determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables.

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

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Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities, while quantitative data involves numerical measurements.

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What is a conclusion in scientific research?

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A summary of the results of an experiment, stating whether the hypothesis was supported or refuted.