Polarity and Intermolecular Forces

Front

What makes a molecule polar?

Back

A molecule is polar when it is asymmetrical with at least one polar bond.

Front

Arrange the boiling points of the following molecules from lowest to highest: H2, N2, H2O, Cl2.

Back

Lowest: H2 - N2 - Cl2 - H2O (Highest)

Front

What types of bonds are polar and nonpolar bonds classified as?

Back

Both polar and nonpolar bonds are types of covalent bonds.

Front

How can you classify a compound based on electronegativity?

Back

A compound can be classified as polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, ionic, or metallic based on the difference in electronegativity between the atoms.

Front

What intermolecular forces are present in CO2?

Back

CO2 exhibits London dispersion forces.

Front

Define polar covalent bond.

Back

A polar covalent bond is a type of bond where electrons are shared unequally between two atoms, resulting in a molecule with a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other.

Front

What is the significance of electronegativity in determining bond type?

Back

Electronegativity determines how strongly an atom attracts electrons; a large difference in electronegativity between two atoms typically indicates an ionic bond, while a smaller difference indicates a covalent bond.

Front

What are London dispersion forces?

Back

London dispersion forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles in molecules, present in all molecules but are the only forces in nonpolar molecules.

Front

What is the difference between dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding?

Back

Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules, while hydrogen bonding is a stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs specifically when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like N, O, or F.

Front

What is a nonpolar molecule?

Back

A nonpolar molecule is a molecule that has an even distribution of charge, resulting in no distinct positive or negative poles.