DNA and RNA Flashcard Review

Front

What is the structure of RNA?

Back

RNA is typically single-stranded and consists of a ribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases (adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine).

Front

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and thymine, while RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil.

Front

What base pairs with adenine in RNA?

Back

Uracil pairs with adenine in RNA.

Front

What is the complementary DNA sequence for the RNA sequence UUGC?

Back

The complementary DNA sequence is AACG.

Front

What are the nitrogenous bases found in RNA?

Back

The nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine.

Front

What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

Back

RNA serves as a template for translating genetic information from DNA into proteins.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is rRNA?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and helps facilitate protein synthesis.

Front

How does RNA polymerase function in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase binds to DNA and synthesizes RNA by adding complementary RNA nucleotides.