Mid-Term Review

Front

What is a carbohydrate?

Back

A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1. They are a primary source of energy for living organisms.

Front

What are the products of cellular respiration?

Back

The products of cellular respiration are carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink or crenate due to the higher concentration of solutes outside the cell.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis and protecting the cell's internal environment.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) serves as the primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various biochemical reactions.

Front

What is a lipid?

Back

Lipids are a group of hydrophobic biomolecules, including fats, oils, and phospholipids, that are important for energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure.

Front

What is a nucleic acid?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are biomolecules that store and transmit genetic information.