First Semester Honors Chemistry Final Exam Review

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What is significant figures?

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Significant figures are the digits in a number that contribute to its precision. This includes all non-zero digits, any zeros between significant digits, and trailing zeros in the decimal portion.

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How do you round a number to significant figures?

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To round a number to a certain number of significant figures, look at the digit immediately after the last significant figure. If it is 5 or greater, round up the last significant figure; if it is less than 5, leave it as is.

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What is an element?

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An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. It consists of only one type of atom.

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What is the atomic number?

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The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.

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What is the difference between an atom and an element?

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An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. An element is a substance made up of only one type of atom.

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What is electron configuration?

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Electron configuration is the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals, which determines its chemical properties.

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What is the ground state of an atom?

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The ground state of an atom is the lowest energy state of its electrons, where they occupy the lowest available energy levels.

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How do you determine the number of atoms in a compound?

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To determine the number of atoms in a compound, look at the chemical formula. The subscript indicates the number of atoms of each element present.

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What is a compound?

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A compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements chemically bond together in fixed proportions.

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What is a mixture?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded and can be separated by physical means.