Newton's Laws of Motion

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What is Newton's 1st Law of Motion?

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An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

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What is Newton's 2nd Law of Motion?

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The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied. It can be expressed with the formula F = ma (Force = mass x acceleration).

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What is Newton's 3rd Law of Motion?

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For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

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Example of Newton's 1st Law: Why do you lurch forward in a car when it suddenly stops?

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Your body continues moving forward due to inertia, which is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.

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Example of Newton's 2nd Law: How does a heavier object require more force to move?

Back

A heavier object has more mass, so according to F = ma, more force is needed to achieve the same acceleration as a lighter object.

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Example of Newton's 3rd Law: How do rockets work?

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Rockets push gas out of the back, and the reaction force pushes the rocket forward.

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What is inertia?

Back

Inertia is the resistance of any physical object to any change in its velocity, including changes to the object's speed or direction.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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How does mass affect acceleration according to Newton's 2nd Law?

Back

As mass increases, acceleration decreases if the same force is applied.

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What is an unbalanced force?

Back

An unbalanced force is a force that causes an object to change its state of motion (speed or direction).

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Front

What is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?

Back

Force is directly proportional to acceleration and mass; if mass increases, more force is needed to achieve the same acceleration.

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