AP Biology Unit 4 Review

Front

What are plasmodesmata?

Back

Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels that traverse the cell walls of plant cells, allowing for the direct exchange of small soluble compounds and communication between neighboring cells.

Front

What triggers the release of glucagon?

Back

The release of glucagon is triggered by low cellular ATP concentration, which indicates that the body needs to increase blood glucose levels.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms, allowing for the removal of unnecessary or damaged cells.

Front

What is the end result of mitosis?

Back

The end result of mitosis is the formation of 2 genetically identical diploid cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

Front

What are gap junctions?

Back

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that allow for the direct transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells, facilitating communication.

Front

What is the function of thylakoids in plant cells?

Back

Thylakoids are membrane-bound structures within chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll and are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Front

What is cytokinesis?

Back

Cytokinesis is the process that follows mitosis, where the cytoplasm of a parental cell divides into two daughter cells.

Front

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Back

Haploid cells contain one set of chromosomes (n), while diploid cells contain two sets of chromosomes (2n), one from each parent.

Front

What role does glucagon play in metabolism?

Back

Glucagon plays a crucial role in metabolism by promoting the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, thereby increasing blood sugar levels when they are low.

Front

What is the significance of programmed cell death?

Back

Programmed cell death is significant for maintaining homeostasis, eliminating damaged or unnecessary cells, and shaping developing tissues.