Momentum and Impulse Review - AP Physics 1

Front

What is momentum?

Back

Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity, represented by the formula p = mv.

Front

What is impulse?

Back

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a period of time, calculated as Impulse = Force × Time.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of momentum?

Back

The total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it.

Front

What is the formula for calculating the velocity of the center of mass?

Back

The velocity of the center of mass (v_cm) is calculated as v_cm = (m1*v1 + m2*v2) / (m1 + m2), where m1 and m2 are the masses and v1 and v2 are their velocities.

Front

What type of collision conserves kinetic energy?

Back

An elastic collision conserves both momentum and kinetic energy.

Front

What is a perfectly inelastic collision?

Back

A perfectly inelastic collision is one in which two objects collide and stick together, moving as a single object after the collision.

Front

What is an open system in physics?

Back

An open system is one that can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings.

Front

What is the relationship between impulse and momentum?

Back

Impulse is equal to the change in momentum of an object, expressed as Impulse = Δp.

Front

How do you calculate the final velocity of two objects after a perfectly inelastic collision?

Back

Use the formula v_f = (m1*v1 + m2*v2) / (m1 + m2), where m1 and m2 are the masses and v1 and v2 are their initial velocities.

Front

What happens to the momentum of a system when two objects push off each other in space?

Back

The total momentum of the system remains constant, but the individual momenta of the objects change.