A-4 Inductive and deductive reasoning review

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What is deductive reasoning?

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Deductive reasoning is a logical process where a conclusion is drawn from a set of premises that are generally assumed to be true. It involves applying general principles to specific cases.

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What is inductive reasoning?

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Inductive reasoning is a method of reasoning in which a general conclusion is drawn from specific examples or patterns observed. It often involves making conjectures based on limited data.

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Example of deductive reasoning: If all mammals have lungs, and a dog is a mammal, what can be concluded?

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A dog has lungs.

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What is a premise in deductive reasoning?

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A premise is a statement or proposition that provides the foundation for an argument or conclusion in deductive reasoning.

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What is a conclusion in deductive reasoning?

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A conclusion is the statement that follows logically from the premises in a deductive argument.

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Identify the type of reasoning: All birds have feathers. A sparrow is a bird. Therefore, a sparrow has feathers.

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Deductive reasoning.

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Identify the type of reasoning: The sun has risen in the east every day of my life. Therefore, the sun will rise in the east tomorrow.

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Inductive reasoning.

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What is a syllogism?

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A syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning consisting of two premises and a conclusion, often used to illustrate logical arguments.

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Example of inductive reasoning: The last five times I went to the store, it rained. What can I conclude?

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It might rain the next time I go to the store.

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What is a logical fallacy?

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A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning that renders an argument invalid or unsound.